The other day, a woman stopped me at a burger place near my house
and asked, "When did you know you were going to be a profiler?"
It was a difficult question, and I didn't have a quick answer. I wish
I could've told her that I woke up one night to a blinding light and
a voice telling me what I was meant to do.
In truth, becoming "the Mindhunter" was a process of
dangerous research and heavy caseloads that nearly put me in my
grave. All this was spread over many years of telling the bureau
and local law enforcement what I thought needed to be done, while
many of the powers-that-were resisted.
Thinking about this made me wonder whether you folks who read this
column know about my background, and about what qualifies me to
analyze current cases for pardon and parole boards, defense attorneys,
local law enforcement and APBnews.com. Trust me, although I've been
on TV more times than I can remember, it hasn't been glamorous.
The important thing is that what I've learned helps us solve crimes.
By working with my brilliant associates and investigating and interviewing
convicted serial killers, arsonists, rapists and other dangerous
offenders, I learned how to "profile" criminals and their
victims.
What is profiling? I'll tell you what it's not. It's not magic
or telepathy. I'm not "The Profiler" you see on TV. I
don't go into a trance and "see" the crime. I apply behavioral
patterns to crimes by looking at the crime scene evidence, police
reports, victim statements and autopsy results.
I should start at the beginning. As an FBI special agent, my first
assignment was in Detroit, a city then plagued by bank robberies.
I was fascinated with the thought processes that led robbers to
select the branch, teller or weapon they had used. I began asking
the guys we caught a lot of "why" questions, and they
answered me.
I learned that criminals felt comfortable talking to me and that
I could get into their minds by listening to them describe their
crimes. The bank robbers basically told me how to prevent robberies
by saying, for instance, that branches without windows on the street
were prime targets, that taking the holdup note was crucial to escaping,
and that hitting the same bank again after a cooling-off period
made sense if the bank had been a good score.
Fast forward to 1977, when I joined the bureau's Behavioral Science
Unit at Quantico, Va. It was with this group that I conducted interviews
with monsters like David Berkowitz, Ed Kemper, Richard Speck and
Charles Manson. Using the same logic that I had used with my bank
robber interviews, I sat down with these serial killers for hours
at a time and got them to confide in me.
In the early 1980s, I met a rapist-murderer named Charlie Davis
who was imprisoned in Maryland. You may not have heard of him, but
you should be grateful that he was put away. In a way, he was like
Britain's Dr. Harold Shipman -- both used their positions in the
medical profession to fulfill their sick and deadly fantasies.
A deadly ride
Davis was an ambulance driver. He'd select a victim, rape her,
strangle her, lay her body on the side of the road and anonymously
report the body's location. Then, playing the hero, he'd respond
to his own call and pick up the corpse.
Davis opened up to me, as did the others I interviewed. He described
how he'd follow a pretty girl into a bar or restaurant parking lot
and, using the contacts he had through his father, who was a police
lieutenant, he would call in her license tag and get a name. He'd
then call the restaurant and have her paged, saying her lights were
on. When she emerged, he would pounce. Taking off with her in either
his car or hers, he would attack and kill her, then begin the second
part of his vile game.
From the patterns I'd established, I knew his objective had been
to rape his victims because the strangulations had been quick and
uncomplicated. He explained that he had killed the women because
they had seen his face and could identify him. I heard this from
so many other violent offenders that it became part of the patterns
I mentioned, and it is one of the best pieces of advice that no
woman wants to hear: If you're attacked and you see your assailant's
face, you must get away or he will kill you.
I thrived on learning from the killers I interviewed, but there
was an enormous downside for me. I would go to sleep every night
with images of disembodied heads, mutilated bodies and women being
held and electrocuted in watery pits. I worried excessively for
my wife and kids. By the end of 1983, it was too much. The weight
of trying to solve 150 cases at once, including the "Trailside
Killer" and England's "Yorkshire Ripper," brought
on viral encephalitis, which literally split my brain in two and
nearly killed me.
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